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CHAPTER 3 USING THE DRUPAL CORE MODULES Configuring Feeds Now that you have found interesting feeds, you are ready to use the Aggregator module to subscribe to them. To configure feeds, you add them, optionally categorize them, and set permissions for them. Adding Feeds Make sure that the Aggregator module is enabled (admin/modules), and navigate to the Aggregator s main administration screen, admin/aggregator. From there, use the Add Feed tab (aggregator/add/feed) to add your first feed. Fill in the fields on this tab: The Title field is the title you wish to give the feed. It will be used when displaying the feed items. The URL field is where you should enter the feed s URL. Examples of URLs are http:// drupal.org/rss.xml and http://civicspacelabs.org/home/node/feed. The Update Interval field determines the minimum amount of time that should elapse before your site checks the remote site for updates. In deciding on an update interval, keep in mind that you shouldn t have your site check for updates more often than is necessary. Importing feeds is a relatively time-consuming operation for your web site, not to mention the extra Internet traffic and load that is generated for the remote sites. If a site is likely to be updated only once a day, you don t need to check every hour. On the other hand, if a site is constantly updated, as is Drupal.org, you ll want to schedule the updates more often. Note Web etiquette suggests that you should not update your aggregator feeds any more frequently than every 30 minutes. This is out of courtesy to the site providing the feed, as feed readers can generate abundant amounts of traffic and server overhead if not held in check. It is also worth noting that since feed updates are managed by the cron.php-based automated tasks (see Chapter 6), the actual frequency of updates is inherently dependent on the cron schedule. After adding your feed information, click Submit. You will return to the main Aggregator administration page, where you should see your feed listed. At this point, the feed has not yet been updated and no items have been imported. Click the update items link for your new feed to test it and to import the latest items from the remote site. If the update is successful, you will be able to see the items by clicking the news aggregator menu item (Drupal path aggregator). Tip The RSS feed for Drupal.org is http://drupal.org/rss.xml. It is a listing of the most recent content that has been promoted to the front page.
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CHAPTER 3 USING THE DRUPAL CORE MODULES becomes a hub for the latest news from around the Internet, focused on whichever topics you choose. The feeds are updated regularly using Drupal s scheduled task functionality (cron.php) on a schedule you set. (Refer to Chapter 6 for instructions on configuring scheduled tasks using cron.php, which is necessary for having Aggregator feed items updated automatically.) You also have the ability to update the feeds manually from the administration interface. Note A feed is a collection of the latest articles from a site. This collection will change in time as the feed s site is updated. Drupal will purge all of the feed items that are no longer current from your database, so that those displayed reflect the items that are current on the source site. Keep this idea of impermanence in mind when considering some of the more advanced features of the Aggregator module, such as categorizing feed items. Is it worth the work when they will all eventually be replaced by newer items? Identifying Feeds The process of configuring your site to act as an aggregator of syndicated content starts with finding the URLs of feeds to which you wish to subscribe. Fortunately, for many sites on the Web, this is as easy as locating the RSS link or icon, right-clicking it, and choosing Copy Link Location. For other sites, including most blogs hosted by Blogger (http://blogger.com), the feed URL is embedded in the page source header, and no link or icon is provided. Modern browsers such as Firefox recognize this and will indicate that a feed is available for subscription, but if you want to extract the feed from the page, you will usually need to look at the page source and locate the feed link in the header. It will look something like the following:
or
The type parameter “application/rss+xml” or “application/rsd+xml” is the indication that this is a syndication feed. The part you re interested in for instructing Drupal to subscribe to the feed is the value for the href parameter: http://ihatetobacco.blogspot.com/atom.xml or http://www.blogger.com/rsd.g?blogID=6180553 Note The proper MIME type for Atom feeds is application/atom+xml. See http://atompub.org/ 2004/10/20/draft-ietf-atompub-format-03.html#rfc.section.2 for more information about the Atom format.
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Using the Drupal Core Modules CHAPTER 3 Drupal comes with 31 core modules, which address everything from basic functions such as user management (the User module), logging (the Watchdog module), and analysis of access to the site (the Statistics module) to advanced features such as managing a hierarchical series of collaborative pages that can be versioned and moderated (the Book module). Becoming familiar with these modules and mastering their usage will help you get the most out of Drupal and create powerful web sites. This chapter explores each of the core modules, which are presented in alphabetical order for easy reference. The modules covered in this chapter are included when you download Drupal. The core modules have been well tested, adhere to strict standards of coding, and provide basic functionality and services that are useful to a wide spectrum of types of sites. To use them, you simply need to make sure that they are enabled. As explained in Chapter 2, to see the available modules, select administer . modules (admin/modules). On this page, the modules are listed with check boxes to set their status. Any additional configuration tasks for a specific module are described in the section about that module in this chapter. Aggregator Module RSS has been a revolutionary force in finding and distributing content on the Web. The ability of a site or program to query other sites about what content is available has led to the advent of aggregator sites such as Weblogs (http://weblogs.com/), Feedster (http://feedster.com/), Bloglines (http://www.bloglines.com/), and Technorati (http://www.technorati.com/). These sites regularly access RSS feeds from around the Web and catalog the results. RSS also allows visitors to your site to subscribe to your content using popular feed readers like FeedDemon (http://www.bradsoft.com/feeddemon/), SharpReader (http://www.sharpreader.net/), NetNewsWire (http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/internet_utilities/netnewswire.html), and iPodder (http://www.ipodder.org/). The widespread use of syndication and subscription has led to a vast improvement in the delivery of targeted information on the Web. Not only do individuals have more tools to filter and collect information of interest, but the entire cycle of publishing and discovery has been shortened dramatically. Your feed reader will tell you whenever it detects new content on sites to which you have subscribed. Drupal 4.7 includes support for aggregating content for the various syndication specifications, including all versions of RSS and Atom. Drupal s Aggregator module reads syndicated feeds from other sites, in essence allowing your Drupal site to act as a feed reader. It will publish the titles, headlines, and teasers from articles and posts in the feeds, as well as provide links to the original content. Thus, your site
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CHAPTER 2 CONFIGURING DRUPAL The next chapter presents the core Drupal modules. It shows you what modules can do and how you can use them together to further customize your site. This will include various content types like stories, polls, and blogs, as well as modules that add general functionality to your site like uploading files or doing full text searches. You will see how your Drupal site can get itself listed in the directory of Drupal sites and how you can define forms to collect profile information from your user base. Contributed modules offer some of the most interesting and significant ways to extend Drupal s capabilities, and they are discussed in Chapter 4.
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