interface, there’s no guarantee that the (Domain and web hosting) container will
interface, there’s no guarantee that the container will provide the tag with an opportunity to release the resources being used by the tags. 10.5.3 Internationalized Exception Handling Chapter 12 covers internationalization in detail, but it’s relevant to say a few words here about how exception handling and internationalization are connected. While throwing exceptions in Java, developers often do something like the following: // Detect some problem and throw an exceptionthrow new InvalidLoginException( “An exception hasoccurred.” ); The problem with hardcoding the string into the exception is that it’s useful only for developers from the same locale. It might be difficult for developers or system administrators from different locales to use the log files where these exceptions are logged. Instead of hardcoding the messages for the exceptions, it may be better to get the message from a resource bundle. Obviously, exceptions that are thrown from third-party packages are not within your control, just as stack traces are hard to localize. Many organizations don’t worry about localizing the exception messages, which is fine as long as no one from locales other than your own will ever need to use the information. 10.6 Conclusion The new declarative exception handling is a great addition to the Struts framework and one that should certainly save developers time, during both initial development and maintenance. Whenever possible, you should make a serious effort to take advantage of the declarative exception-handling features rather than attempting to write your own. The good news remains, however, that if you do need to create your own customized exception handling, the freedom and flexibility for you to do so exists in the framework. Chapter 11. The Validator Framework The Struts framework allows input validation to occur inside the ActionForm. To perform validation on data passed to a Struts application, developers must code special validation logic inside each ActionForm class. Although this approach works, it has some serious limitations. This chapter introduces David Winterfeldt’s Validator framework, which was created specifically to work with the Struts components and to help overcome some of these limitations. The Validator allows you to declaratively configure validation routines for a Struts application without programming special validation logic. The Validator has become so popular and widely used by Struts developers that it has been added to the list of Jakarta projects and to the main Struts distribution. 11.1 The Need for a Validation Framework Chapter 7 discussed how to provide validation logic inside the ActionForm class. The solution presented there requires you to write a separate piece of validation logic for each property that you need to validate. If an error is detected, you have to manually create an ActionError object and add it to the ActionErrors collection. Although this solution works, there are a few problems with the approach.
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